Gil scott-heron died

Gil Scott-Heron

American soul and jazz poet, musician, and author (–)

Not to be confused with Jill Scott (disambiguation) or Scott Herren.

Musical artist

Gilbert Scott-Heron (April 1, – May 27, )[8] was an American jazz poet, singer,[3] musician, and author known for his work as a spoken-word performer in the s and s.

His collaborative efforts with musician Brian Jackson fused jazz, blues, and soul with lyrics relative to social and political issues of the time, delivered in both rapping and melismatic vocal styles. He referred to himself as a "bluesologist",[9] his own term for "a scientist who is concerned with the origin of the blues".[note 1][10] His poem "The Revolution Will Not Be Televised", delivered over a jazz-soul beat, is considered a major influence on hip hop music.[11]

Scott-Heron's music, particularly on the albums Pieces of a Man and Winter in America during the early s, influenced and foreshadowed later African-American music genres, including hip hop and neo soul.

His recording work received much critical acclaim, especially for "The Revolution Will Not Be Televised".[12]AllMusic's John Bush called him "one of the most important progenitors of rap music", stating that "his aggressive, no-nonsense street poetry inspired a legion of intelligent rappers while his engaging songwriting skills placed him square in the R&B charts later in his career."[6]

Scott-Heron remained active until his death, and in released his first new album in 16 years, titled I'm New Here.

A memoir he had been working on for years up to the time of his death, The Last Holiday, was published posthumously in January [13][14] Scott-Heron received a posthumous Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in He also is included in the exhibits at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) that officially opened on September 24, , on the National Mall, and in an NMAAHC publication, Dream a World Anew.[15] In , Scott-Heron was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, as a recipient of the Early Influence Award.[16]

Early years

Gil Scott-Heron was born in Chicago.[9] His mother, Bobbie Scott, born in Mississippi,[17] was an opera singer who performed with the Oratorio Society of New York.

His father, Gil Heron, nicknamed "The Black Arrow", was a Jamaican footballer who in the s became the first black man to play for Celtic F.C. in Glasgow, Scotland.[18] Gil's parents separated in his early childhood[19] and he was sent to live with his maternal grandmother, Lillie Scott, in Jackson, Tennessee.[20][21] When Scott-Heron was 12 years old, his grandmother died and he returned to live with his mother in The Bronx in New York City.

He enrolled at DeWitt Clinton High School[19] but later transferred to The Fieldston School,[9] after impressing the head of the English department with some of his writings and earning a full scholarship.[19] As one of five Black students at the prestigious school, Scott-Heron was faced with alienation and a significant socioeconomic gap.

During his admissions interview at Fieldston, an administrator asked him: "'How would you feel if you see one of your classmates go by in a limousine while you're walking up the hill from the subway?' And [he] said, 'Same way as you. Y'all can't afford no limousine. How do you feel?'"[22] This type of intractable boldness would become a hallmark of Scott-Heron's later recordings.

After completing his secondary education, Scott-Heron decided to attend Lincoln University in Oxford, Pennsylvania because Langston Hughes (his most important literary influence) was an alumnus. It was here that Scott-Heron met Brian Jackson, with whom he formed the band Black & Blues. After about two years at Lincoln, Scott-Heron took a year off to write the novels The Vulture and The Nigger Factory.[23] Scott-Heron was very heavily influenced by the Black Arts Movement (BAM).

The Last Poets, a group associated with the Black Arts Movement, performed at Lincoln in and Abiodun Oyewole of that Harlem group said Scott-Heron asked him after the performance, "Listen, can I start a group like you guys?"[19] Scott-Heron returned to New York City, settling in Chelsea, Manhattan. The Vulture was published by the World Publishing Company in to positive reviews.

Although Scott-Heron never completed his undergraduate degree, he was admitted to the Writing Seminars at Johns Hopkins University, where he received an M.A. in creative writing in His master's thesis was titled Circle of Stone.[24] Beginning in , Scott-Heron taught literature and creative writing for several years as a full-time lecturer at University of the District of Columbia (then known as Federal City College) in Washington, D.C., while maintaining his music career.[25]

Recording career

Scott-Heron began his recording career with the LPSmall Talk at th and Lenox in Bob Thiele of Flying Dutchman Records produced the album, and Scott-Heron was accompanied by Eddie Knowles and Charlie Saunders on conga and David Barnes on percussion and vocals.

The album's 14 tracks dealt with themes such as the superficiality of television and mass consumerism, the hypocrisy of some would-be black revolutionaries, and white middle-class ignorance of the difficulties faced by inner-city residents. The album also included the spoken-word poem "Whitey on the Moon". In the liner notes, Scott-Heron acknowledged as influences Richie Havens, John Coltrane, Otis Redding, Jose Feliciano, Billie Holiday, Langston Hughes, Malcolm X, Huey Newton, Nina Simone, and long-time collaborator Brian Jackson.

Scott-Heron's album Pieces of a Man used more conventional song structures than the loose, spoken-word feel of Small Talk. He was joined by Jackson, Johnny Pate as conductor, Ron Carter on bass and bass guitar, drummer Bernard "Pretty" Purdie, Burt Jones playing electric guitar, and Hubert Laws on flute and saxophone, with Thiele producing again.

Scott-Heron's third album, Free Will, was released in Jackson, Purdie, Laws, Knowles, and Saunders all returned to play on Free Will and were joined by Jerry Jemmott playing bass, David Spinozza on guitar, and Horace Ott (arranger and conductor). Carter later said about Scott-Heron's voice: "He wasn't a great singer, but, with that voice, if he had whispered it would have been dynamic.

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    • It was a voice like you would have for Shakespeare."[19]

    In , he recorded another collaboration with Brian Jackson, Winter in America, with Bob Adams on drums and Danny Bowens on bass. Winter in America has been regarded by many critics as the two musicians' most artistic effort.[26][27] The following year, Scott-Heron and Jackson released Midnight Band: The First Minute of a New Day.

    In , he released the single "Johannesburg", a rallying cry for the end of apartheid in South Africa. The song would be re-issued, in 12"-single form, together with "Waiting for the Axe to Fall" and "B-movie" in

    A live album, It's Your World, followed in and a recording of spoken poetry, The Mind of Gil Scott-Heron, was released in [28] Another success followed with the hit single "Angel Dust", which he recorded as a single with producer Malcolm Cecil.

    "Angel Dust" peaked at No. 15 on the R&B charts in

    In , Scott-Heron played at the No Nukes concerts at Madison Square Garden. The concerts were organized by Musicians United for Safe Energy to protest the use of nuclear energy following the Three Mile Island accident. Scott-Heron's song "We Almost Lost Detroit" was included in the No Nukes album of concert highlights.

    It alluded to a previous nuclear power plant accident and was also the title of a book by John G. Fuller. Scott-Heron was a frequent critic of President Ronald Reagan and his conservative policies.[29]

    Scott-Heron recorded and released four albums during the s: and Real Eyes (), Reflections () and Moving Target ().

    In February , Ron Holloway joined the ensemble to play tenor saxophone. He toured extensively with Scott-Heron and contributed to his next album, Moving Target the same year. His tenor accompaniment is a prominent feature of the songs "Fast Lane" and "Black History/The World". Holloway continued with Scott-Heron until the summer of , when he left to join Dizzy Gillespie.

    Several years later, Scott-Heron would make cameo appearances on two of Ron Holloway's CDs: Scorcher () and Groove Update (), both on the Fantasy/Milestone label.[30]

    Scott-Heron was dropped by Arista Records in and quit recording, though he continued to tour. The same year, he helped compose and sang "Let Me See Your I.D." on the Artists United Against Apartheid album Sun City, containing the famous line: "The first time I heard there was trouble in the Middle East, I thought they were talking about Pittsburgh." The song compares racial tensions in the U.S.

    with those in apartheid-era South Africa, implying that the U.S. was not too far ahead in race relations. In , he signed to TVT Records and released Spirits, an album that included the seminal track "'Message to the Messengers". The first track on the album criticized the rap artists of the day.

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    Gilbert Scott-Heron April 1, — May 27, [ 8 ] was an American jazz poet , singer, [ 3 ] musician, and author known for his work as a spoken-word performer in the s and s. His collaborative efforts with musician Brian Jackson fused jazz , blues , and soul with lyrics relative to social and political issues of the time, delivered in both rapping and melismatic vocal styles. He referred to himself as a "bluesologist", [ 9 ] his own term for "a scientist who is concerned with the origin of the blues". Scott-Heron's music, particularly on the albums Pieces of a Man and Winter in America during the early s, influenced and foreshadowed later African-American music genres, including hip hop and neo soul. Scott-Heron remained active until his death, and in released his first new album in 16 years, titled I'm New Here.

    Scott-Heron is known in many circles as "the Godfather of rap"[31][32] and is widely considered to be one of the genre's founding fathers. Given the political consciousness that lies at the foundation of his work, he can also be called a founder of political rap. "Message to the Messengers" was a plea for the new generation of rappers to speak for change rather than perpetuate the current social situation, and to be more articulate and artistic.

    Regarding hip hop music in the s, he said in an interview:

    They need to study music. I played in several bands before I began my career as a poet. There's a big difference between putting words over some music, and blending those same words into the music. There's not a lot of humor. They use a lot of slang and colloquialisms, and you don't really see inside the person.

    Instead, you just get a lot of posturing.[33]

    —&#;Gil Scott-Heron

    Later years

    Prison terms and more performing

    In , Scott-Heron was sentenced to one to three years imprisonment in a New York State prison for possession of cocaine.[34] While out of jail in , he appeared on the Blazing Arrow album by Blackalicious.[35] He was released on parole in , the year BBC TV broadcast the documentary Gil Scott-Heron: The Revolution Will Not Be Televised.

    Scott-Heron was arrested for possession of a crack pipe during the editing of the film in October and received a six-month prison sentence.[36]

    On July 5, , Scott-Heron was sentenced to two to four years in a New York State prison for violating a plea deal on a drug-possession charge by leaving a drug rehabilitation center.

    He claimed that he left because the clinic refused to supply him with HIV medication. This story led to the presumption that the artist was HIV positive, subsequently confirmed in a interview.[37][38][39] Originally sentenced to serve until July 13, , he was paroled on May 23, [40]

    After his release, Scott-Heron began performing live again, starting with a show at SOB's restaurant and nightclub in New York on September 13, On stage, he stated that he and his musicians were working on a new album and that he had resumed writing a book titled The Last Holiday, previously on long-term hiatus, about Stevie Wonder and his successful attempt to have the birthday of Martin Luther King Jr.

    declared a federally recognized holiday in the United States.[41]

    Malik Al Nasir dedicated a collection of poetry to Scott-Heron titled Ordinary Guy that contained a foreword by Jalal Mansur Nuriddin of The Last Poets. Scott-Heron recorded one of the poems in Nasir's book entitled Black & Blue in

    In April , on BBC Radio 4, poet Lemn Sissay presented a half-hour documentary on Gil Scott-Heron entitled Pieces of a Man,[42] having interviewed Gil Scott-Heron in New York a month earlier.

    Pieces of a Man was the first UK announcement from Scott-Heron of his forthcoming album and return to form. In November , the BBC's Newsnight interviewed Scott-Heron for a feature titled The Legendary Godfather of Rap Returns.[43] In , a new Gil Scott-Heron website, , was launched with a new track "Where Did the Night Go" made available as a free download from the site.

    In , Scott-Heron was booked to perform in Tel Aviv, Israel, but this attracted criticism from pro-Palestinian activists, who stated: "Your performance in Israel would be the equivalent to having performed in Sun City during South Africa's apartheid era We hope that you will not play apartheid Israel". Scott-Heron responded by canceling the performance.[44]

    I'm New Here

    Scott-Heron released his album I'm New Here on independent label XL Recordings on February 9, Produced by XL label owner Richard Russell, I'm New Here was Scott-Heron's first studio album in 16 years.

    The pair began recording in , but the majority of the album was recorded over the 12 months leading up to the release date, with engineer Lawson White at Clinton Studios in New York. I'm New Here is 28 minutes long with 15 tracks; however, casual asides and observations collected during recording sessions are included as interludes.[19]

    The album attracted critical acclaim, with The Guardian's Jude Rogers declaring it one of the "best of the next decade",[45] while some have called the record "reverent" and "intimate", due to Scott-Heron's half-sung, half-spoken delivery of his poetry.

    In a music review for public radio network NPR, Will Hermes stated: "Comeback records always worry me, especially when they're made by one of my heroes But I was haunted by this record He's made a record not without hope but which doesn't come with any easy or comforting answers. In that way, the man is clearly still committed to speaking the truth".[46] Writing for music website Music OMH, Darren Lee provided a more mixed assessment of the album, describing it as rewarding and stunning, but he also states that the album's brevity prevents it "from being an unassailable masterpiece".[47]

    Scott-Heron described himself as a mere participant, in a interview with The New Yorker:

    This is Richard's CD.

    My only knowledge when I got to the studio was how he seemed to have wanted this for a long time. You're in a position to have somebody do something that they really want to do, and it was not something that would hurt me or damage me—why not? All the dreams you show up in are not your own.[19]

    The remix version of the album, We're New Here, was released in , featuring production by English musician Jamie xx, who reworked material from the original album.[48] Like the original album, We're New Here received critical acclaim.[49]

    In April , XL Recordings announced a third album from the I'm New Here sessions, titled Nothing New.[50] The album consists of stripped-down piano and vocal recordings and was released in conjunction with Record Store Day on April 19,

    Death

    "Gil Scott-Heron released poems as songs, recorded songs that were based on his earliest poems and writings, wrote novels and became a hero to many for his music, activism and his anger.

    There is always the anger – an often beautiful, passionate anger. An often awkward anger. A very soulful anger. And often it is a very sad anger. But it is the pervasive mood, theme and feeling within his work – and around his work, hovering, piercing, occasionally weighing down; often lifting the work up, helping to place it in your face.

    And for all the preaching and warning signs in his work, the last two decades of Gil Scott-Heron's life to date have seen him succumb to the pressures and demons he has so often warned others about."

    – Fairfax New Zealand, February [51]

    Scott-Heron died on May 27, , in New York City after a trip to Europe.[1][52] Scott-Heron had confirmed press speculation about his health when he disclosed in a New York Magazine interview that he had been HIV-positive for several years, and that he had been previously hospitalized for pneumonia.[39]

    He was survived by his firstborn daughter Raquiyah "Nia" Kelly Heron from his relationship with Pat Kelly, his son Rumal Rackley from his relationship with Lurma Rackley,[53] daughter Gia Scott-Heron from his marriage to Brenda Sykes;[52] and daughter Chegianna Newton, who was 13 years old at the time of her father's death.[53][54] He is also survived by his sister Gayle, brother Denis Heron who once managed Scott-Heron,[55] his uncle Roy Heron,[18] and nephew Terrance Kelly, an actor and rapper who performs as Mr.

    Cheeks and is a member of Lost Boyz.[note 2]

    Before his death Scott-Heron had been in talks with Portuguese director Pedro Costa over his film Horse Money to be screenwriter, composer and an actor.[56]

    In response to Scott-Heron's death, Public Enemy's Chuck D stated "RIP GSHand we do what we do and how we do because of you" on his Twitter account.[57] His UK publisher, Jamie Byng, called him "one of the most inspiring people I've ever met".[58] On hearing of the death, R&B singer Usher stated: "I just learned of the loss of a very important poetR.I.P., Gil Scott-Heron.

    The revolution will be live!!".[59] Richard Russell, who produced Scott-Heron's final studio album, called him a "father figure of sorts to me",[60] while Eminem said "He influenced all of hip-hop".[61]Lupe Fiasco wrote a poem about Scott-Heron that was published on his website.[62]

    Scott-Heron's memorial service was held at Riverside Church in New York City on June 2, , where Kanye West performed "Lost in the World"[63] and "Who Will Survive in America",[64] two songs from West's album My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy.[63] The studio album version of West's "Who Will Survive in America" features a spoken-word excerpt by Scott-Heron.[65] Scott-Heron is buried at Kensico Cemetery in Westchester County in New York.

    Scott-Heron was honored posthumously in by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences (NARAS) with a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.[66] Charlotte Fox, member of the Washington, DC NARAS and president of Genesis Poets Music, nominated Scott-Heron for the award while a letter of support came from Grammy-winner and Grammy Hall of Fame inductee Bill Withers.[67]

    Scott-Heron's memoir, The Last Holiday, was published in January [68] In her review for the Los Angeles Times, professor of English and journalism Lynell George wrote:

    The Last Holiday is as much about his life as it is about context, the theater of late 20th century America — from Jim Crow to the Reagan '80s and from Beale Street to 57th Street.

    The narrative is not, however, a rise-and-fall retelling of Scott-Heron's life and career. It doesn't connect all the dots. It moves off-the-beat, at its own speed This approach to revelation lends the book an episodic quality, like oral storytelling does. It winds around, it repeats itself.[69]

    Scott-Heron's estate

    At the time of Scott-Heron's death, a will could not be found.

    Raquiyah Kelly-Heron filed papers in Manhattan's New York Surrogate's Court in August , claiming that Rumal Rackley was not Scott-Heron's son and should be omitted from the musician's estate. According to the Daily News website, Rackley, Kelly-Heron and two other sisters were seeking a resolution to the management of the estate. Rackley stated in court papers that Scott-Heron had asked him to be the administrator of the estate.

    Scott-Heron's album Spirits was dedicated to "my son Rumal and my daughters Nia and Gia", and in court papers Rackley added that Scott-Heron "introduced me [Rackley] from the stage as his son".[70]

    In Rackley had filed a suit against sister Gia Scott-Heron and her mother, Scott-Heron's first wife, Brenda Sykes believing they had unfairly attained US$, of Scott-Heron's money.

    That case was settled for an undisclosed sum in early but the relationship between Rackley and Scott-Heron's two adult daughters had already become strained in the months after Gil's death. In her submission to the Surrogate Court, Kelly-Heron stated that a DNA test completed by Rackley in —using DNA from Scott-Heron's brother—revealed that they "do not share a common male lineage", while Rackley has refused to undertake another DNA test.

    A hearing to address Kelly-Heron's filing was scheduled for late August , but by March further information on the matter was not publicly available.[70] Rackley continued to serve as court-appointed administrator for the estate, and he donated material to the Smithsonian's new National Museum of African American History and Culture to be displayed when the museum opened in September

    The case was decided in December when the Surrogate Court ruled that Rumal Rackley and his half-sisters are all legal heirs, and in a ruling issued in May Rackley was granted Letters of Administration.[71]

    Influence and legacy

    Scott-Heron's work has influenced writers, academics and musicians, from indie rockers to rappers.

    His work during the s influenced and helped engender subsequent African-American music genres, such as hip hop and neo soul. He has been described by music writers as "the godfather of rap" and "the black Bob Dylan".[72]Jamiroquai lead singer Jay Kay performed "The Bottle" with him at the Phoenix Festival in when his band was starting out, and Kay said in a interview that Scott-Heron had whispered to him: "It's your turn now." In the same interview, Kay called him a "super influence for me" and "a master, a poet, and so much more".[73] In a review for Jamiroquai's Emergency on Planet Earth, Entertainment Weekly writer Marisa Fox wrote: "Gil Scott-Heron is still alive, but his ghost has already surfaced in the form of year-old mad hatter Jay Kay and his trendy London acid-jazz group."[74]

    Chicago Tribune writer Greg Kot comments on Scott-Heron's collaborative work with Jackson:

    Together they crafted jazz-influenced soul and funk that brought new depth and political consciousness to '70s music alongside Marvin Gaye and Stevie Wonder.

    In classic albums such as 'Winter in America' and 'From South Africa to South Carolina,' Scott-Heron took the news of the day and transformed it into social commentary, wicked satire, and proto-rap anthems. He updated his dispatches from the front lines of the inner city on tour, improvising lyrics with an improvisational daring that matched the jazz-soul swirl of the music".[2]

    Of Scott-Heron's influence on hip hop, Kot said he "presag[ed] hip-hop and infus[ed] soul and jazz with poetry, humor and pointed political commentary".[2]Ben Sisario of The New York Times wrote, "He [Scott-Heron] preferred to call himself a "bluesologist", drawing on the traditions of blues, jazz and Harlem renaissance poetics".[9]Tris McCall of The Star-Ledger writes that "The arrangements on Gil Scott-Heron's early recordings were consistent with the conventions of jazz poetry – the movement that sought to bring the spontaneity of live performance to the reading of verse".[75] A music writer later noted that "Scott-Heron's unique proto-rap style influenced a generation of hip-hop artists",[12] while The Washington Post wrote that "Scott-Heron's work presaged not only conscious rap and poetry slams, but also acid jazz, particularly during his rewarding collaboration with composer-keyboardist-flutist Brian Jackson in the mid- and late '70s".[76]The Observer's Sean O'Hagan discussed the significance of Scott-Heron's music with Brian Jackson, stating:

    Together throughout the s, Scott-Heron and Jackson made music that reflected the turbulence, uncertainty and increasing pessimism of the times, merging the soul and jazz traditions and drawing on an oral poetry tradition that reached back to the blues and forward to hip-hop.

    The music sounded by turns angry, defiant and regretful while Scott-Heron's lyrics possessed a satirical edge that set them apart from the militant soul of contemporaries such as Marvin Gaye and Curtis Mayfield.[72]

    Will Layman of PopMatters wrote about the significance of Scott-Heron's early musical work:

    In the early s, Gil Scott-Heron popped onto the scene as a soul poet with jazz leanings; not just another Bill Withers, but a political voice with a poet's skill.

    His spoken-voice work had punch and topicality. "The Revolution Will Not Be Televised" and "Johannesburg" were calls to action: Stokely Carmichael if he'd had the groove of Ray Charles. "The Bottle" was a poignant story of the streets: Richard Wright as sung by a husky-voiced Marvin Gaye. To paraphrase Chuck D, Gil Scott-Heron's music was a kind of CNN for black neighborhoods, prefiguring hip-hop by several years.

    It grew from the Last Poets, but it also had the funky swing of Horace Silver or Herbie Hancock—or Otis Redding. Pieces of a Man and Winter in America (collaborations with Brian Jackson) were classics beyond category".[77]

    Scott-Heron's influence over hip hop is primarily exemplified by his definitive single "The Revolution Will Not Be Televised", sentiments from which have been explored by various rappers, including Aesop Rock, Talib Kweli and Common.

    In addition to his vocal style, Scott-Heron's indirect contributions to rap music extend to his and co-producer Jackson's compositions, which have been sampled by various hip-hop artists. "We Almost Lost Detroit" was sampled by Brand Nubian member Grand Puba ("Keep On"), Native Tongues duo Black Star ("Brown Skin Lady"), and MF Doom ("Camphor").[78] Additionally, Scott-Heron's song "A Legend in His Own Mind" was sampled on Mos Def's "Mr.

    Nigga",[79] the opening lyrics from his recording "Angel Dust" were appropriated by rapper RBX on the song "Blunt Time" by Dr. Dre,[80] and CeCe Peniston's song "My Boo" samples Scott-Heron's recording "The Bottle".[81]

    In addition to the Scott-Heron excerpt used in "Who Will Survive in America", Kanye West sampled Scott-Heron and Jackson's "Home is Where the Hatred Is" and "We Almost Lost Detroit" for the songs "My Way Home" and "The People", respectively, both of which are collaborative efforts with Common.[82] Scott-Heron, in turn, acknowledged West's contributions, sampling the latter's single "Flashing Lights" on his final album, 's I'm New Here.[83]

    Scott-Heron admitted ambivalence regarding his association with rap, remarking in in an interview for the Daily Swarm: "I don't know if I can take the blame for [rap music]".[84] As New York Times writer Sisario explained, he preferred the moniker of "bluesologist".

    Referring to reviews of his last album and references to him as the "godfather of rap", Scott-Heron said: "It's something that's aimed at the kids I have kids, so I listen to it. But I would not say it's aimed at me. I listen to the jazz station."[9] In , Chattanooga rapper Isaiah Rashad recorded an unofficial mixtape called Pieces of a Kid, which was greatly influenced by Heron's debut album Pieces of a Man.

    Following Scott-Heron's funeral in , a tribute from publisher, record company owner, poet, and music producer Malik Al Nasir was published on The Guardian's website, titled "Gil Scott-Heron saved my life".[85]

    In the film First Man, Scott-Heron is a minor character and is played by soul singer Leon Bridges.

    He is one of eight significant people shown in mosaic at the th Street renovated subway station on the Grand Concourse in the Bronx that reopened in [86]

    Discography

    Studio albums

    Live albums

    Compilation albums

    Film scores

    • The Baron () — with Brian Jackson and Barnett Williams[98]

    Charted songs

    Bibliography

    Year Title ISBN
    The Vulture
    The Nigger Factory
    So Far, So Good
    Now and Then: The Poems of Gil Scott-HeronX
    The Last Holiday

    Filmography

    • Saturday Night Live, musical guest, December 13,
    • Black Wax ().

      Directed by Robert Mugge.

    • 5 Sides of a Coin (). Directed by Paul Kell
    • The Revolution Will Not Be Televised (). Directed by Don Letts for BBC.
    • The Paris Concert ().
    • Tales of the Amnesia Express Live at the Town & Country ().

    Notes

    1. ^Onstage at the Black Wax Club in Washington, D.C., in , Scott-Heron cited Harlem Renaissance writers Langston Hughes, Sterling Brown, Jean Toomer, Countee Cullen and Claude McKay as among those who had "taken the blues as a poetry form" in the s and "fine-tuned it" into a "remarkable art form".
    2. ^The Matriarch Agency (February 11, ).

      "DID YOU KNOW? Gil Scott-Heron's 1st born, RAKELLYHERON & MRCHEEKSLBFAM are cousins!". The Matriarch Agency on Twitter. Twitter. Archived from the original on March 31, Retrieved March 25,

    References

    1. ^ ab"Gil Scott-Heron, Spoken-Word Musician, Dies at 62".

      The New York Times. Associated Press. May 28, Archived from the original on June 19, Retrieved January 16,

    2. ^ abcKot, Greg (May 26, ). "Turn It Up: Gil Scott-Heron, soul poet, dead at 62". Chicago Tribune.

      Archived from the original on June 1, Retrieved June 6,

    3. ^ abPreston, Rohan B. (September 20, ). "Scott-Heron's Jazz Poetry Rich In Soul". The Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on February 7, Retrieved June 6,
    4. ^Paul, Anna (March ).

      "An Introduction To Gil Scott-Heron In 10 Songs". The Culture Trip. Archived from the original on January 31, Retrieved January 31,

    5. ^Woodstra, Chris; John Bush; Stephen Thomas Erlewine (). Old School Rap and Hip-hop. Backbeat Books. pp.&#;–. ISBN&#;. Retrieved February 28,
    6. ^ abBush, John.

      "Gil Scott-Heron - Biography & History". AllMusic. Archived from the original on January 31, Retrieved January 31,

    7. ^Backus, Rob ().

    8. Gil scott-heron cause of death
    9. Gil scott-heron height
    10. Gil scott-heron children
    11. Is jill scott related to gil scott-heron

      12. Fire Music: A Political History of Jazz (2nd&#;ed.). Vanguard Books. ISBN&#;.

    12. ^Tyler-Ameen, Daoud (May 27, ). "Gil Scott-Heron, Poet And Musician, Has Died". NPR. Archived from the original on May 9, Retrieved April 2,
    13. ^ abcdeSisario, Ben (May 28, ).

      "Gil Scott-Heron, Voice of Black Protest Culture, Dies at 62". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 30, Retrieved May 29,

    14. ^Gil Scott-Heron in a live performance in with the Amnesia Express at the Black Wax Club, Washington, D.C. Black Wax (DVD). Directed by Robert Mugge.
    15. ^Sharrock, David (May 28, ).

      "Gil Scott-Heron: music world pays tribute to the 'Godfather of Rap'". The Guardian. Archived from the original on July 21, Retrieved March 13,

    16. ^ abAzpiri, Jon. Review: Pieces of a Man, AllMusic. Retrieved July 31,
    17. ^Garner, Dwight (January 9, ).

      "'The Last Holiday: A Memoir' by Gil Scott-Heron – Review". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 21, Retrieved February 27,

    18. ^Scott-Heron, Gil (January 8, ). "How Gil Scott-Heron and Stevie Wonder set up Martin Luther King Day". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on July 11, Retrieved December 11,
    19. ^
    20. ^Limbong, Andrew (May 12, ).

      "Tina Turner, Jay-Z, Foo Fighters Among Those Inducted Into Rock & Roll Hall Of Fame".

      Gil scott-heron poems: Gil Scott-Heron was born in Chicago. [9] His mother, Bobbie Scott, born in Mississippi, [17] was an opera singer who performed with the Oratorio Society of New York. His father, Gil Heron, nicknamed "The Black Arrow", was a Jamaican footballer who in the s became the first black man to play for Celtic F.C. in Glasgow, Scotland. [18].

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      Gil scott heron born Born in Chicago but transplanted to Tennessee for his early years, Scott-Heron spent most of his high-school years in the Bronx, where he learned first-hand many of the experiences which later made up his songwriting material. He had begun writing before reaching his teenage years, however, and completed his first volume of poetry at the age of Though he attended college in Pennsylvania [Lincoln], he dropped out after one year to concentrate on his writing career, and earned plaudits for his novel, The Vulture [which was written while still a student at Lincoln]. His parents divorced early in his life, and Scott-Heron was sent to live with his grandmother in Lincoln, Tennessee. Learning musical and literary instruction from her, Scott-Heron also learned about prejudice first-hand, as he was one of three children picked to integrate an elementary school in nearby Jackson.

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      Gil scott heron born date These are merely tools used by sensitive men to carve out a piece of beauty or truth they hope may lead to peace and salvation. He has been opening eyes, minds and souls for over thirty years. A highly influential and widely admired singer, proto-rapper, jazz pianist, poet, novelist and socio- political commentator, Gil Scott-Heron remains a unique figure in global music. With over fifteen albums to his name, his politically charged output has won him an international following. His work illuminates a philosophy of life that holds human affection as well as political and artistic responsibility as the underlying factors that inspire his writing.

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      Gil scott-heron documentary Gil Scott-Heron was a poet, author, composer and recording artist. His spoken word over driving beats — humor-laced, sharp critiques of politics, racism and mass media — made him a global voice of protest for decades. The stunning memoir of Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winner Gil Scott-Heron, The Last Holiday has been praised for bringing back to life one of the most important voices of the last fifty years. Thank you for visiting gilscottherononline. We have recently updated this official website that pays tribute to Gil Scott-Heron, one of the most influential writers and musicians of our time.

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