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Mir Jafar facts for kids
For the village in Iran, see Mir Jafar, Iran.
Quick facts for kids Syed Mir Jafar Ali Khan Bahadur | |||||
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Mir Jafar (left) and his eldest son, Mir Miran (right). | |||||
| Nawab Nazim of Bengal and Bihar | |||||
| 1st reign | 2 July – 20 October | ||||
| Predecessor | Siraj ud-Daulah | ||||
| Successor | Mir Qasim | ||||
| 2nd reign | 25 July – 5 February | ||||
| Predecessor | Mir Qasim | ||||
| Successor | Najimuddin Ali Khan | ||||
| Born | Delhi, Mughal Empire | ||||
| Died | 5 February () (aged 73–74) Bengal Subah | ||||
| Burial | Jafarganj Cemetery, Murshidabad | ||||
| Spouse | Shah Khanum (m.
, d. Mir jafar biography graphic organizer printableThis agreement meant that the Army of Bengal surrendered to the British army and were killed at the Battle of Plassey. This was the start of the British rule in Bengal. The marriage ceremony of James Peters and Nazia Begum began in the year , a year after the British victory at Plassey. This was to prove the superiority of the British over not only the Indian nation but also the Indian women. He is remembered by the people of Bengal and Pakistan.August ) | ||||
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| House | Najafi | ||||
| Father | Saiyed Ahmed Najafi (Mirza Mirak) | ||||
| Religion | Shia Islam | ||||
Sayyid Mir Jafar Ali Khan Bahadur (c.
– 5 February ) was a military general who became the first dependent Nawab of Bengal of the British East India Company. His reign has been considered by many historians as the start of the expansion of British control of the Indian subcontinent in Indian history and a key step in the eventual British domination of vast areas of pre-partition India.
Mir Jafar served as the commander of the Bengali army under Siraj ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal, but betrayed him during the Battle of Plassey and succeeded Daulah after the British victory in Mir Jafar received military support from the East India Company until , when he failed to satisfy various British demands.
In , Robert Clive discovered that Jafar had made a treaty with the Dutch East India Company at Chinsurah through his agent Khoja Wajid. Dutch ships of the line were also seen in the River Hooghly.
Mir jafar biography graphic organizer pdf Mir Jafar c. His reign has been considered by many historians as the start of the expansion of British control of the Indian subcontinent in Indian history and a key step in the eventual British domination of vast areas of pre-partition India. Read more on Wikipedia. Since , the English Wikipedia page of Mir Jafar has received more than 1,, page views. Her biography is available in 22 different languages on Wikipedia up from 19 inJafar's dispute with the British eventually led to the Battle of Chinsurah. British company official Henry Vansittart proposed that since Jafar was unable to cope with the difficulties, Mir Qasim, Jafar's son-in-law, should act as Deputy Subahdar. In October , the company forced him to abdicate in favor of Qasim.
However, the East India Company eventually overthrew Qasim as well due to disputes over trade policies. Jafar was restored as the Nawab in with the support of the company.
Scholastic biography poster report: Mir Jafar[a] (c. – 5 February ), was a commander-in-chief or military general who reigned as the first dependent Nawab of Bengal of the British East India Company.
Mir Qasim, however, refused to accept this and went to war against the company. Jafar ruled until his death on 5 February and lies buried at the Jafarganj Cemetery in Murshidabad, West Bengal.
Due to his role in helping the British colonize India, and the eventual downfall of the Mughal Empire, Mir Jafar is reviled in the Indian subcontinent as a traitor, especially among the Bengalis in both India and Bangladesh.
Though some historians have tried to rehabilitate his name, it has become synonymous with the word treason among the people of the region, especially Pakistan, India and Bangladesh.
Early life and family
Sayyid Mir Muhammad Jafar was born in Delhi in as the second son of the seven sons and eight daughters of Sayyid Ahmad Najafi (Mir Mirak).
They claimed descent from Hasan ibn Hasan.
Mir jafar biography graphic organizer Mir Jafar [ a ] c. His reign has been considered by many historians as the start of the expansion of British control of the Indian subcontinent in Indian history and a key step in the eventual British domination of vast areas of pre-partition India. Mir Jafar served as the commander of the Bengali army under Siraj ud-Daulah , but betrayed him during the Battle of Plassey and ascended to the masnad after the British victory in Mir Jafar received military support from the East India Company until , when he failed to satisfy various British demands. Dutch ships of the line were also seen in the River Hooghly.Jafar's paternal grandfather was Sayyid Husayn Tabatabaei, who migrated from Najaf in Iraq (then part of the Safavid Empire) and settled in Delhi on 24 April after being invited by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. Tabatabaei married the emperor's niece and served as a Qadi in the Mughal court. Jafar's paternal aunt, Begum Sharfunnisa, was the wife of Nawab Alivardi Khan of Bengal.
Subedar of the Nawab of Bengal
In the Maratha Empire led by Raghoji I Bhonsle, began to raid, pillage and annex the territories of the Alivardi Khan, the Nawab of Bengal.
During the Maratha invasion of Odisha, its subedar Mir Jafar and Ataullah the faujdar of Rajmahal completely withdrew all forces until the arrival of Alivardi Khan and the Mughal Army at the Battle of Burdwan where Raghoji I Bhonsle and his Maratha forces were completely routed. The enraged Alivardi Khan then dismissed the shamed Mir Jafar.
Nawab of Bengal
Mir Jafar was the principal general of Alivardi Khan's successor, Siraj ud-Daulah, who led the Nawab's army to victory against the British on 19 June Governor Drake abandoned Fort William and fled with a small number of friends and principal persons, abandoning his compatriots to their fates.
In spite of having led a successful attack against the Company, Jafar found himself sidelined by Siraj in favour of his rival, Raja Manikchand. A discontent Mir Jafar found support in others who opposed Siraj's tyrannical rule, from his brothers-in-arms from the Maratha Wars, to the powerful Jagat Seths.
With nowhere else to turn, the plotters reached out to the Company, who had regained and strengthened their position in the region under Clive and Watson, hoping to use their military forces to their own ends. William Watts was the first to become aware of the mutterings of the disaffected nobles in Murshidabad, and sent his Armenian agent, Khwaja Petrus Aratoon, to investigate.
The answer came back that Mir Jafar, in his position as the paymaster of the Bengal army, was prepared to siphon off significant amounts of money ( crore rupees then, £ million today) for help in the removal of the Nawab. Watts wrote to Clive, who had himself observed that "he [Siraj] is a compound of everything that is bad, keeps company with none but his menial servants, and is universally hated and despised." The military under Mir Jafar, Jagat Seths as the financiers, and Clive with the mercenary army (ignoring strict instructions from London) were ready to stage a coup against the Nawab.
Mir Jafar betrayed Siraj ud-Daulah to the British in the Battle of Plassey.
After Siraj Ud Daulah's defeat and subsequent execution, Jafar achieved his long-pursued dream of gaining the throne, and was propped up by the East India company as a puppet Nawab. Jafar paid Rs. 17,, as compensation for the attack on Calcutta to the company and traders of the city. In addition, he gave bribes to the officials of the company. Robert Clive, for example, received over two million rupees, and William Watts received over one million.
Soon, however, he realized that company's expectations were boundless and tried to wriggle out from under them; this time with the help of the Dutch.
However, the British defeated the Dutch at the Battle of Chinsurah in November and retaliated by forcing him to abdicate in favor of his son-in-law Mir Qasim. Qasim proved to be both able and independent-minded, although he soon came into dispute with the company over their refusal to pay taxes to Qasim.
Mir Qasim formed an alliance to force the East India Company out of East India. The company soon went to war with him and his allies. The Battle of Buxar was fought on 22 October between the forces under the command of the East India Company led by Hector Munro, and the combined armies of Mir Qasim the Nawab of Bengal, Shuja-ud-Daula the Nawab of Awadh, and the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II.
With the defeat in Buxar, Mir Qasim was eventually overthrown. Mir Jafar managed to regain the good graces of the British; he was again installed Nawab in and held the position until his death in
Bengal War
Main article: Treaty of Allahabad
In , after gaining control over Bihar, Odisha and some parts of the Bengal, the MughalCrown Prince Ali Gauhar and his Mughal Army of 30, intended to overthrow Jafar, Imad-ul-Mulk after they tried to capture or kill him by advancing towards Awadh and Patna in But the conflict soon involved the increasingly assertive East India Company.
The Mughals were led by Prince Ali Gauhar, who was accompanied by Muhammad Quli Khan, Hidayat Ali, Mir Afzal and Ghulam Husain Tabatabai. Their forces were reinforced by the forces of Shuja-ud-Daula and Najib-ud-Daula. The Mughals were also joined by Jean Law and two hundred Frenchmen and waged a campaign against the British during the Seven Years' War.
Although the French were eventually defeated, the conflict between the British East India Company and the Mughal Empire would continue to linger and ended in a draw, which eventually culminated during the Battle of Buxar.
Legacy
The breakup of the centralized Mughal empire by , led to creation of a large number of independent kingdoms in Northern, Central and Western India, as also North-Western India (now Pakistan) and parts of Afghanistan (all provinces of the former Mughal empire).
Each of them were in conflict with their neighbor.
Biography essay graphic organizer A biography graphic organizer is an excellent tool for historians, educators, students, and professionals. Making a graphic organizer create someone's biography is hard and takes time, and using templates and examples is the most efficient way to create these graphic organizers. Here, we will talk about biography templates, how to write a biography with EdrawMax Online, and a few example topics. A biography graphic organizer visually represents a person's biography from a third-person perspective. We use it to brainstorm and organize essential information about people, historical figures, characters in novels and movies.These kingdoms bought weapons from the British and French East India companies to aid their wars. Bengal was one such kingdom. The British and French supported whichever princes ensured their trading interest. Jafar came to power with support of British East India Company. After the defeat of Sirajuddoula and later Mir Qasim the British strengthened their position in Bengal and in abolished the nizamat (referring to the Mughal suzerainty) and took complete control of the former Mughal province.
Muhammad Iqbal, the notable poet of Indian subcontinent, had condemned Mir Jaffar and Mir Sadiq as follows:
"Jaffar az Bengal, o Sadiq az Deccan
Nang–e–Adam, Nang–e–Deen, Nange–Watan"
(Mir Jaffar of Bengal and Mir Sadiq of Deccan, are a disgrace to mankind, and their religion and country!)